Exposure to Second-Hand Smoke in Public Places and Barriers to the Implementation of Smoke-Free Regulations in The Gambia: A Population-Based Survey

Introduction: Second-hand smoke is associated with more than 1.2 million deaths per year among non-smokers. Smoking in public places prohibited The Gambia but there no information on the level of exposure to second-hand adolescents and adults 15–64 years. aim this study was assess predictors compliance smoke-free regulations Gambia. Methods: A population-based survey conducted an established Health Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS). total 4547 participants (15–64 years) from households within Farafenni HDSS were interviewed at their homes only 3343 included our analysis. Factors assessed by three different multivariable regression models. Results: Exposure tobacco high (66.1%), higher men (79.9%) women (58.7%). Besides being male, less education, lower household income, urban residence not aware strongly smoke. Conclusion: Despite existing regulations, reported remains Ministry should continue strengthen advocacy sensitization programs ensure are fully implemented. Some population subgroups a risk could be targeted interventions; settings where these exposed enforcement efforts.